Kansas Geological Survey, Current Research in Earth Sciences, Bulletin 247, part 1
Modeling Dielectric-constant Values of Geologic Materials: An Aid to Ground-Penetrating Radar Data Collection and Interpretation--Fig. 1

Fig. 1. Four-dimensional representation (termed TP-model dielectric-constant space) of the TP-model input parameters (matrix mineralogy, porosity, and water saturation) and resulting bulk dielectric constant values (shown in color). The matrix mineralogy axis (X_m) is the dielectric-constant value of the matrix components at zero porosity and water saturation. The locations of quartz, mica, and calcite are indicated on the X_m axis. For most earth materials, porosity ranges from 0% to 50%, and water saturation ranges from 0% to 100%. Calculated bulk dielectric-constant values range from greater than 4 to less than 28. The N-S_w planes through X_m = 4.5 (quartz) and X_m = 8.5 (calcite) are shown in fig. 2.