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Logs of test holes and measured stratigraphic sections

Listed in the following pages are logs of 64 test holes and 8 measured stratigraphic sections in Norton County and northwestern Phillips County. The logs and stratigraphic sections are grouped separately and arranged by townships from north to south and ranges from east to west. Within a township they are arranged by section number. The test holes were drilled by the State Geological Survey during 1946, 1947, and 1948. Samples of the. material penetrated by the test holes were examined in the field by James Cooper (1946) and Glenn Prescott (1947 and 1948), who supervised the drilling and prepared logs of the holes. The samples were subsequently studied microscopically by O. S. Fent, John C. Frye, or A. R. Leonard. General location of the test holes is shown on the index map in Plates 2 and 3.

Stratigraphic sections were measured in the field during the seasons of 1945 and 1947. Where credit is not given in the heading, the sections were measured by us. Four additional sections are included in the text. Fossil seeds listed with the sections were identified by M. K. Elias of the Nebraska Geological Survey and fossil snails were identified by A. Byron Leonard of the University of Kansas.

Logs of test holes

1-18-8aa. Sample log of test hole at the NE cor. sec. 8, T. 1 S., R. 18 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,108.2 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, tan	23	23
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt, sandy, yellow brown	12	34
		Silt and fine sand, white; loosely cemented with calcium carbonate	10	45
		Silt and fine sand, pale green, becoming more sandy in lower part	13	58
		Clay, silty, bentonitic, olive green	16	74
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Pierre shale
		Shale, noncalcareous, blue gray	7	81
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, gray	13	94

1-19-9ab. Sample log of test hole in the NW NE sec. 9, T. 1 S., R. 19 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,110.5 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Loveland and Crete members
		Silt, sandy, brown	7	7
		Sand, medium to coarse, and fine gravel; contains silt and clay in middle part	25	32
		Sand, fine to medium, and fine gravel; contains small chalk pebbles	3	35
		Silt and very fine sand, light tan	3	38
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Pierre shale
		Shale, clayey and silty, calcareous, yellow	2	40
		Shale, light gray and yellow; contains calcareous zones	11	51
		Shale, noncalcareous, olive, gray, and mottled red and yellow	6	57
		Shale, noncalcareous, black	15	72
		Shale, noncalcareous, black; containing calcareous zones	9	81
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, gray	3	84
		Sand, medium to coarse (probably a fault zone)	0.5	84.5
		Shale, calcareous, gray	1.5	86

1-20-2aa. Sample log of test hole at the NE cor. sec. 2, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,093.5 feet; water level, 21 feet below land surface.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Recent
	Alluvium
		Silt, sandy, dark brown	11	11
		Silt, sandy, tan	11	22
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Pierre shale
		Shale, noncalcareous, olive green to light gray	8	30
		Shale, noncalcareous, gray; contains bentonitic white olive-green clay	12	42
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, gray	13	55

1-20-12bb. Sample log of test hole at the NW cor. sec. 12, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,097.3 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
		Road fill, silty, dark brown	4	4
Quaternary--Recent
	Alluvium
		Silt, sandy, tan; contains gravel	10	14
		Gravel, fine to coarse, and sand	1	15
		Silt, white	4	19
		Sand, coarse, and fine to coarse gravel; contains chalk fragments	8	27
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Pierre shale
		Shale, noncalcareous, olive green	1	28
		Shale, noncalcareous, black; contains zones of calcareous shale	30	58
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, gray	2	60

1-20-13bb. Sample log of test hole in the NW NW sec. 13, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude 2,092.1 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
		Road fill, silty, brown	4	4
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, black and dark brown	4	8
		Silt, sandy, tan	12	20
	Loveland member
		Silt, sandy, tan to brown	10	30
		Silt, sandy, brown; contains gravel and snail shells	14	44
		Silt, sandy, gray and yellow brown	4	48
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Pierre shale
		Shale, noncalcareous, black; contains calcareous zones	7	55
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, hard, gray	5	60

1-20-14ad. Sample log of test hole iii the SE NE sec. 14, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,082.6 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
		Road fill, sandy silt, dark brown	4	4
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, sandy, light tan	7	11
	Loveland member
		Silt, sandy, light brown with upper part dark brown (Loveland soil)	16	27
	Crete member
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse; contains caliche and snail shells in upper part	20	47
		Silt, sandy, brown and green	5	52
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse; contains pebbles up to half an inch in diameter	7	59
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Chalk, yellow	2	61
		Shale, calcareous, gray	9	70

1-20-14dd. Sample log of test hole in the SE SE sec. 14, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,063.8 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, dark brown (fill)	4	4
		Silt, tan	21	25
		Silt and sand, brown	14	39
		Silt and clay, sandy in some zones and calcareous in some zones, gray, greenish gray, to black	29	68
		Gravel, fine to coarse	2	70
		Gravel, coarse	4	74
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, dark gray	6	80

1-20-20bc. Sample log of test hole in the SW NW sec. 20, T. 1, S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,129.5 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Alluvium
		Silt (soil), dark brown	1	1
		Silt with some sand, light brown	19	20
		Sand, medium to coarse, with some brown silt and fine gravel	10	30
		Gravel and coarse sand	3	33
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Pierre shale
		Shale, noncalcareous, black to brown	2	35
		Shale, noncalcareous, dark gray to black; contains a few bentonite streaks	33	68
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, dark gray	32	100

1-20-24cb. Sample log of test hole in the NW SW sec. 24, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,069.3 feet; water level, 29 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
		Road fill, sandy silt, dark brown	2	2
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, sandy, light tan; contains caliche	2	4
		Silt, dark brown and tan	6	10
		Silt, sandy, yellow tan	21	31
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse	12	43
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Chalk, yellow	2	45
		Shale, calcareous, light gray	5	50

1-20 25bb. Sample log of test hole in the NW NW sec. 25, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,073.1 feet; water level, 29 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
		Road fill, dark brown silt	2	2
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, sandy, tan; contains two thin dark brown "soil" bands at 6 and 15 feet below top	34	36
		Silt and clay, green	7	43
		Sand and gravel, green	3	46
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Chalk, yellow brown	1	47
		Shale, calcareous, dark gray	13	60

1-20-25bc. Sample log test hole in the SW NW sec. 25, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1947. Surface altitude, 2,078.4 feet; water level, 28 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, black (soil)	3	3
		Silt, light tan; contains abundant snails in lower part	29	32
		Silt, sandy, tan	9	41
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse; contains chalk fragments	13	54
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Clay, chalky, yellow	1	55
		Shale, calcareous, gray	15	70

1-20-27cb. Sample log test hole in the NW SW sec. 27, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1947. Surface altitude, 2,081.7 feet; water level, 22 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, dark brown (soil)	1	1
		Silt, sandy, tan	9	10
		Silt, tan; contains caliche	18	28
		Silt, sandy, greenish gray	8	36
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse; contains chalk pebbles	7	43
		Silt and clay, sandy; black	14	57
		Sand and gravel	11	68
		Gravel, medium to coarse	11	79
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, gray	11	90

1-20-27dc. Sample log of test hole in the SW SE sec. 27, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,089.8 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
		Road fill, black silt	2	2
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, blocky, dark brown	8	10
		Silt, light brown; contains caliche	15	25
		Silt and sand, very fine	21	46
		Sand and gravel, green; contains caliche and chalk fragments	7	53
		Sand and gravel, greenish	19	72
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse	6	78
		Silt and clay, gray	8	86
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale and clay, hard, calcareous, dark gray	17	103
		Shale, calcareous, gray	2	105

1-20-28ad. Sample log of test hole in the SE NE sec. 28, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1947. Surface altitude, 2,084.3 feet; water level, 26 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
		Road fill, dark brown silt	2	2
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, tan	28	30
		Silt and sand, very fine, brown	8	38
		Silt, dark gray	20	58
		Silt, greenish gray; contains snail shells	9	67
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse; contains green and white clay and silt	13	80
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, gray	20	100

1-20-34ad. Sample log of test hole in the SE NE sec. 34, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,092.7 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
		Road fill, black sandy silt	2	2
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, sandy, tan; contains caliche	17	19
		Silt, tan; upper part dark brown	16	35
		Silt and sand, very fine, tan	5	40
		Clay, silt and caliche, light green and tan; contains sand 46 to 50 feet	22	62
		Silt and sand, very fine to coarse, tan	8	70
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse; contains chalk pebbles	14	84
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, gray	11	95

1-20-36cc. Sample log of test hole at the SW cor. sec. 36, T. 1 S., R. 20 W., Phillips County, Kansas; drilled in 1947. Surface altitude, 2,199.0 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, sandy, light tan	7	7
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Sand, fine to medium, with some silt	2	9
		Sand and gravel, cemented with calcium carbonate	9	18
		Silt, fine sand, and caliche, green	7	25
		Silt and clay, hard, brown	5	30
		Silt and sand, cemented with calcium carbonate in some zones	50	80
		Clay, bentonitic, noncalcareous, olive green and gray	28	108
		Silt and fine sand, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate	10	118
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Chalk, pink and yellow	7	125
		Shale, calcareous, gray and brown	15	140

1-21-5aa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. sec. 5, T. 1 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,325.9 feet; water level, 96 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, medium compact, gray; contains nodules of caliche	4	4
		Silt, soft, tan; contains snail shells	12	16
	Loveland member
		Silt, compact, tan to chocolate brown (Loveland soil)	4	20
		Silt, tan; contains some fine sand	42	62
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt with some sand, cemented with calcium carbonate in some zones	60	122
		Silt and fine sand, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate	8	130
		Sand, fine to coarse, with some fine gravel and caliche	6	136
		Silt and some fine sand, medium compact, calcareous, light gray	28	164
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, chalky, pink to light yellow	2	166
		Chalk, hard, white to light yellow	0.5	166.5
		Shale, chalky, light yellow, pink, and buff	3.5	170

1-21-28bb. Sample log of test hole in the NW cor. sec. 28, T. 1 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,242.9 feet; water level, 41 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, medium, compact, gray	6	6
	Loveland member
		Silt , compact, tan (Loveland soil)	3	9
		Silt, with some fine sand, tan	14	23
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt, gray to tan; contains some fine sand and caliche	8	31
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse	6	37
		Sand, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate	2	39
		Silt, compact, gray	1	40
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse, partly cemented	9	49
		Silt, light gray; contains some sand; cemented with calcium carbonate	11	60
		Silt, sand, and gravel, medium compact, yellow tan to gray	25	85
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Chalk, hard, white, interbedded with chalky shale	2	87
		Shale, chalky, soft, yellow buff; contains some thin bentonite beds	13	100

1-21-29dd. Sample log test hole in the SE cor. sec. 29, T. 1 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,249.5 feet; water level, 56 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, loose, tan; contains abundant snail shells	14	14
	Loveland member
		Silt, dark gray brown, compact (Loveland soil)	4	18
		Silt, medium compact, tan and light gray	7	25
		Silt, light gray; contains some sand and fine gravel	5	30
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Sand and gravel, coarse to fine; contains some caliche	10	40
		Silt and some fine sand and gravel, loose	4	44
		Silt and some fine sand, loosely cemented in some zones with calcium carbonate	35	79
		Sand, fine to coarse; contains some gravel and silt	14	93
		Silt, light gray to white; contains some fragments of chalk and sand	12	105
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, soft, yellow to white	3	108
		Chalk, hard, yellow buff	0.2	108.2

1-22-28ad. Sample log of test hole in the SE NE sec. 28, T. 1 S., R. 22 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,354.4 feet; water level, 48 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt (soil), dark brown	2	2
		Silt, tan	13	15
	Loveland member
		Silt, compact, noncalcareous, brown (Loveland soil)	7	22
		Silt, light tan	18	40
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt and fine sand, calcareous, light tan to light brown	43	83
		Silt, sand, and some gravel, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate, light gray to white	28	111
		Sand and silt, partly cemented with calcium carbonate, greenish gray to light brown	9	120
		Sand and silt, some gravel, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate, greenish gray to brown. (Unable to drill deeper with existing equipment.)	5	125

1-23-35bb. Sample log of test hole in the NW cor. sec. 35, T. 1 S., R. 23 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,428.4 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, compact, dark gray to tan	5	5
		Silt, loose, tan; contains many snail shells	14	19
	Loveland member
		Silt, compact to loose, tan to gray	31	50
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Sand and silt, cemented in some zones, tan to white	47	97
		Silt and fine sand, loose, gray	25	122
		Silt and fine sand, cemented in some zones, gray to tan	32	154
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Limestone, hard, gray to white	1	155

1-24-34da. Sample log of test hole in the NE SE sec. 34, T. 1 S., R. 24 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1948. Surface altitude, 2,474.4 feet; water level, 127 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt (soil), dark brown	1	1
		Silt, tan; contains snail shells	22	23
	Loveland member
		Silt, noncalcareous, compact, brown (Loveland soil)	3	26
		Silt, light tan	16	42
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt and fine sand, calcareous, with some clay and gravel, light tan	38	80
		Silt, sand, and caliche, tightly cemented, white	11	91
		Silt, dark brown to tan	5	96
		Sand, fine, and silt, brown and greenish	15	111
		Silt and clay, light tan to light gray green	11	122
		Silt and sand, tan to light brown	17	139
		Silt and sand, cemented with calcium carbonate, light gray	11	150
		Sand and gravel, with a few streaks of silt, white to light brown	23	173
		Silt, brown	6	179
		Sand and gravel, brown, with thin beds of silt	27	206
		Clay, bentonitic, noncalcareous; contains scattered sand grains and some light greenish-gray to yellow-tan silt	21	227
		Sand, fine to medium	1	228
		Clay, slightly calcareous, bentonitic, light gray green	2	230
		Clay, bentonitic, noncalcareous, light gray green, yellow, brown and gray	10	240
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, blue gray	10	250

1-25-1bb1. Sample log of test hole in the NW NW sec. 1, T. 1 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,339.8 feet; water level, 28 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, dark gray to black	3	3
		Silt, loose, gray to tan; contains some caliche	6	9
		Silt, gray, compact; contains some sand and gravel	29	38
		Sand, fine; contains some fine gravel and silt	13	51
		Gravel, fine to coarse; contains some sand and gray-blue silt	3	54
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, fissile, dark gray to black; contains a few bentonite streaks	6	60

1-25-1bb2. Sample log of test hole in the SW cor. NW NW sec. 11, T. 1 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,329.3 feet; water level, 16 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Recent
	Alluvium
		Silt, compact, brown and tan	7	7
		Sand, very fine to fine	2	9
		Silt, loose, gray	7	16
		Gravel, fine to very coarse; contains large pebbles of chalk and some sand	11	27
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Clay, silty, yellow brown and gray	6	33
		Shale, calcareous, fissile, dark gray	7	40

1-25-1bc. Sample log of test hole in the cen. W. line sec. 1. T. 1 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,352.2 feet; water level, 40 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, compact, black	4	4
		Silt, brown; few nodules of caliche	3	7
		Silt, loose, tan; contains snail shells	21	28
		Silt and sand, loose, brown	8	36
		Gravel, fine, and sand; contains pebbles of chalk and some silt	7	43
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Clay, calcareous, yellow, silty	2	45
		Shale, calcareous, dark gray flecked with light gray	5	50

1-25-1cc. Sample log of test hole in the SW cor. sec. 1, T. 1 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,358.7 feet; water level, 41 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, compact, black; contains some sand	6	6
		Silt, brown; contains nodules of caliche and snail shells	5	11
		Silt, tan; contains abundant snail shells	22	33
		Gravel, fine, and fine to coarse sand; contains fragments of chalk	4.5	37.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Limestone, hard, dense, yellow brown	0.5	38
		Shale, calcareous, yellow brown	4	42
		Shale, calcareous, fissile, brown	4	46
		Shale, calcareous, compact, blue gray	4	50

1-25-11dd. Sample log of test hole in the SE cor. sec. 11, T. 1 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,429.9 feet; water level, 65 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, loose, brown	2	2
		Silt, tan to brown and gray; snail shells abundant throughout	29	31
	Loveland member
		Silt, gray; contains small amount of sand and fine gravel	6	37
		Sand, fine to coarse; contains silt, gravel, and fragments of caliche	9	46
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Sand, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate, gray	15	61
		Sand, fine to medium, partly cemented, gray	5	66
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Chalk, hard dense, gray to yellow brown	4	70

1-25-35dd. Sample log of test hole in the SE cor. sec. 35, T. 1 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,499.2 feet; water level, 122 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Road fill of silt soil, brown	3	3
		Silt, loose, brown; contains many snail shells	8	11
		Silt, compact, tan	9	20
	Loveland member
		Silt, compact, brown	5	25
		Silt, gray; contains some fine sand and nodules of caliche	11	36
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Sand, fine, gray; cemented with calcium carbonate	3	39
		Sand, fine; contains some coarse sand and fine gravel; locally cemented with calcium carbonate	107	146
		Sand and gravel, clean, loose	35	181
		Sand and silt, plastic, yellow tan	5	186
		Sand and some gravel, caliche, and silt	18	204
		Sand with some tan and gray silt	12	216
		Sand; contains some gravel and silt; cemented with calcium carbonate locally	70	286

2-21-4cc. Sample log of test hole in the SW cor. sec. 4, T. 2 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,155.6 feet; water level, 36 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, compact, dark brown; contains some gravel	8	8
		Silt, compact, light gray tan	8	16
		Silt, loose, tan; contains snail shells	28	44
		Silt and fine sand, gray to tan; contains caliche	5	49
		Sand, fine to coarse, and some gravel; contains fragments of chalk	15	64
		Gravel and sand; contains chalk fragments	2	66
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, yellow buff	2	68
		Silicified chalk, very hard, yellow buff to white	0.5	68.5

2-21-5aa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. sec. 5, T. 2 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,244.6 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, compact, dark brown	3	3
		Silt, compact, gray to tan; contains snail shells	12	15
	Loveland member
		Silt, compact, dark brown (Loveland soil)	4	19
		Silt, compact, tan; contains snail shells	70	89
		Silt, compact, light green; contains snail shells	7	96
	Crete member
		Sand, fine to coarse, and some gravel	7	103
		Silt and fine sand, gray to tan	5	108
		Silt and sand, fine to coarse, gray	22	130
		Gravel of chalk fragments and some sand and silt	4	134
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, chalky, yellow buff	6	140

2-21-8ad. Sample log of test hole in the SE NE sec. 8, T. 2 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,149.9 feet; water level, 26 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene and Recent
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, compact, dark brown	6	6
		Silt, gray to tan; contains some fine sand and a few snail shells	26	32
		Silt, dark gray	12	44
		Silt and sand, dark gray; contains snail shells and some gravel	5	49
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse	9	58
		Gravel; contains broken fragments of chalk	3.5	61.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, gray to buff brown	8.5	70

2-21-9cc. Sample log of test hole in the SW cor. sec. 9, T. 2 S., R. 21 W., Norton, County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,155.3 feet; water level, 31 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, loose, brown; contains nodules of caliche	11	11
		Silt, loose, tan; contains some sand	7	18
		Silt, compact, dark tan; contains snail shells	8	26
		Silt, tan to gray; contains some sand and fragments of shells	16	42
		Silt and sand, compact, greenish gray	11	53
		Sand, fine, with some gravel and silt	14	67
		Gravel; contains some pebbles of chalk and silicified chalk	5.5	72.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, fissile, dark gray; contains a few streaks of bentonite	7.5	80

2-21-20aa. Sample log of test hole in the NE NE sec. 20, T. 2 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,294.2 feet; water level, 142 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, tan to tan brown; contains snail shells	18	18
	Loveland member
		Silt, medium compact, dark brown (Loveland soil)	7	25
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Sand, fine to very fine, and silt, partly cemented with calcium carbonate	3	28
		Clay, blocky, compact, gray green to tan	3	31
		Sand, fine to medium; contains some gray-green silt and calcium carbonate cement	33	64
		Clay, gray green, compact; contains some silt	7	71
		Sand, fine to coarse, gray to tan; interbedded cemented and uncemented zones and gravel occur in some places	122	193
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, yellow buff, soft	13	206
		Shale, dark brown to black, soft, chalky	4	210

2-24-36cb. Sample log of test hole in the NW SW sec. 36, T. 2 S., R. 24 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,392.0 feet; water level, 57 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, dark brown	3	3
		Silt, medium compact, gray	1	4
		Silt, loose, tan; contains snail shells	16	20
	Loveland member
		Silt, compact, tan to light gray; contains a few nodules of caliche	9	29
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt and sand with some gravel; cemented with calcium carbonate, gray	14	43
		Silt, fine sand, and gravel, tan and gray	12	55
		Sand and gravel, with some silt	4	59
		Silt, with some sand, fine gravel, and caliche, tan and gray	41	100
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Clay, calcareous, white and yellow	2	102
		Limestone, hard, white and yellow brown	0.1	102.1

2-25-36cc. Sample log of test hole in the SW cor. sec. 36, T. 2 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,518.0 feet; water level, 121 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Bignell member
		Silt, dark gray to brown	1	1
		Silt, loose, brown; contains many snail shells	13	14
	Peoria member
		Silt, loose, brown; contains many snail shells	8	22
		Silt, loose, tan to white	31	53
	Loveland member
		Silt, compact; contains nodules of caliche and some sand in lower part	12	65
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Sand, fine, silt, and gravel, tan to gray green	6	71
		Caliche, white to gray	4	75
		Sand and silt, gray; contains some gravel	9	84
		Silt and sand, white to gray; contains caliche	34	118
		Sand with some gravel and silt	16	134
		Sand, fine to very fine, and silt, gray	111	245
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Clay, calcareous, yellow orange	5	250
		Shale, calcareous, dark gray	20	270

3-21-9bb. Sample log of test hole in the NW cor, sec. 9, T. 3 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,314.8 feet; water level, 110 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, compact, dark brown and red tan	7	7
		Silt, compact, tan	5	12
	Loveland member
		Sand, fine, some coarse, tan	5	17
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Sand and silt with some clay and a small amount of gravel; cemented with calcium carbonate	14	31
		Silt, red tan	5	36
		Sand, fine, cemented with calcium carbonate	3	39
		Sand, very fine to fine, tan	4	43
		Silt, clay, and sandy silt, interbedded, compact, gray green to tan, cemented with calcium carbonate	56	99
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse	14	113
		Silt and sand, with some gravel and caliche	34	147
		Sand and some gravel	27	174
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Chalk, white, and chalky shale	2	176

3-23-8cb. Sample log of test hole, in the NW SW sec. 8, T. 3 S., R. 23 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,347.7 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, loose, tan; contains snail shells	15	15
	Loveland member
		Silt, loose, tan to gray; contains nodules of caliche	36	51
	Crete member
		Gravel and sand, with some silt	4	55
		Silt and sand, with some gray gravel	15	70
		Sand and gravel	5	75
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, yellow, white, and pink	15	90

3-23-8cc. Sample log of test hole in the NE SW SW sec. 8, T. 3 S., R. 23 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,290.9 feet; water level, 25 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, dark gray; contains some sand and fragments of chalk	12	12
		Silt, sand, and gravel, compact, gray	15	27
		Sand and gravel, with some silt	6	33
		Sand with some gravel, gray-green silt, and snail shells	16	49
		Gravel and sand; contains some clay	2	51
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, yellow and white	4	55
		Shale, calcareous, brown	6	61
		Shale, calcareous, dark gray; contains some bentonite	3	64

3-23-8cd. Sample log of test hole in the SE SE SW sec. 8, T. 3 S., R. R. 23 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,303.8 feet; water level, 44 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, dark gray	3	3
		Silt, loose, tan; contains a few snail shells and a small amount of sand	20	23
		Silt, compact, light gray tan; contains some gravel and sand	8.5	31.5
		Sand, with some gravel and fragments of chalk	9.5	41
		Gravel and clay; contains some silt and sand	6	47
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, yellow and white	13	60

3-23-9cb. Sample log of test hole in the NW SW sec. 9, T. 3 S., R. 23 W., Norton, County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude 2,285.6 feet; water level, 34 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, gray, tan, and brown	20	20
		Silt, loose, tan; contains snail shells	11	31
		Silt and sand, tan; contains a few pebbles, nodules of caliche, and snail shells	9	40
		Sand, with some gravel, caliche, and silt	11	51
		Gravel and sand	6	57
		Silt, yellow tan; contains some sand, gravel, and pebbles of chalk	2	59
		Sand,- contains some silt and pebbles	3	62
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, light yellow	5	67
		Shale, calcareous, gray brown	3	70

3-23-17ad. Sample log of test hole in the cen. E. line sec. 17, T. 3, S., R. 23 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,390.4 feet; water level, 116 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt, compact, dark brown	3	3
		Silt and sand, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate, light gray; contains fragments of fossil Biorbia seeds	10	13
		Silt, compact, light gray; contains some sand and caliche	13	26
		Silt and sand, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate	19	45
		Sand with some tan silt	9	54
		Silt and sand, light gray to gray green, cemented with calcium carbonate; contains some clay	19	73
		Sand, partly cemented, gray and tan	29	102
		Silt and sand, partly cemented, gray	8	110
		Sand, partly cemented; contains some light-gray silt	26	136
		Silt and sand, gray and yellow; contains some caliche and fragments of chalk	25	161
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, yellow, white, and pink	9	170

3-23-17ba. Sample log of test hole in the NE NW sec. 17, T. 3S., R 23 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,301.8 feet; water level, 34 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, dark brown	3	3
		Silt, loose, tan; contains snail shells	26	29
		Sand, with some fine gravel and a few pebbles of limestone	5	34
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Limestone, hard, yellow brown	6	40

3-23-18ad. Sample log of test hole at the cen. E. line, sec. 18, T. 3 S., R. 23 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,292,3 feet; water level, 26 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, compact, dark gray; contains some sand and snail shells	22	22
		Silt, loose, tan	12	34
		Sand and silt, gray	6	40
		Sand, with some gravel and silt	20	60
		Gravel and sand; contains some pebbles of chalk and silt	10	70
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Limestone, hard, yellow brown	0.5	70.5
		Shale, calcareous, yellow and brown	8.5	79
		Shale, calcareous, gray	1	80

3-23-27aa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. sec. 27, T. 3 S., R. 23 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,426,3 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, compact, dark brown and gray	6	6
		Silt, loose, tan	6	12
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Sand, fine, with some gray silt	9	21
		Silt, compact, tan; contains some fine sand	9	30
		Sand, fine; contains some silt and nodules of caliche	16	46
		Sand, fine, and silt, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate, light gray	28	74
		Sand, fine; contains some silt	15	89
		Silt, gray; contains some fine sand, partly cemented	22	111
		Sand, fine, and gray silt	10	121
		Sand, fine, and silt, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate, light gray	11	132
		Silt, compact, light gray; contains some fine sand	10	142
		Sand, fine; contains some tan silt	11	153
		Silt, compact, tan and gray; contains some fine sand	33	186
		Sand, fine; contains some white silt	9	195
		Silt, gray; contains some fine sand and caliche	4	199
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Limestone, calcareous, very hard, silicified, yellow brown		199

3-24-1ad. Sample log of test hole in the SE NE sec. 1, T. 3 S., R. 24 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,404.6 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, compact, dark brown	3	3
		Silt, loose, tan; contains a few snail shells	21	24
	Loveland member
		Silt, loose, gray tan; contains nodules of caliche	37	61
	Crete member
		Sand and silt, tan	9	70
		Silt with some fine sand and gravel, gray tan	7	77
		Sand, fine, well sorted, compact	14	91
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt and fine sand, light gray and yellow tan	10	101
		Sand, fine	7	108
		Silt and fine sand, tan and gray	3	111
		Sand with some fine gravel	9	120
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Limestone, hard, and shale, calcareous, yellow and white	2	122

3-25-23aa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. sec. 23, T. 3 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,396.4 feet; water level, 54 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Loveland member
		Silt, compact, tan	4	4
		Silt, compact, tan; contains a few nodules of caliche	11	15
		Silt, tan; contains some very fine sand	3	18
	Crete member
		Gravel and sand; contains some caliche	11	29
		Silt, compact, tan	4	33
		Sand, fine to very fine, and tan silt	7	40
		Gravel, tan; contains some sand and silt	21	61
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Sand and silt, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate	8	69
		Sand, fine to very fine, partly cemented, light gray	11	80
		Silt, gray; contains some sand and gravel	9	89
		Silt, tan; contains a few nodules of caliche, sand, and gravel	6	95
		Gravel and sand; contains some gray and tan silt	5	100
		Gravel and sand, yellow; contains fragments of chalk and some silt	12	112
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Limestone, hard, yellow	1	113

3-25-23da. Sample log of test hole in the NE SE sec. 23, T. 3 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,414.7 feet; water level, 74 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Bignell member
		Silt, loose, tan; contains a few snail shells	10	10
		Silt, compact, yellow tan; contains some fine sand and snail shells	11	21
	Peoria member
		Silt, dark gray, compact (Brady soil)	4	25
		Silt, gray to tan	41	66
	Loveland member
		Silt, compact, gray to dark brown ((Loveland soil)	7	73
	Crete member
		Sand and some gravel	10	83
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt and fine sand, cemented with calcium carbonate in upper part, gray	15	98
		Silt, compact, gray; contains some sand	15	113
		Sand and gravel	3	116
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Limestone, hard yellow	1	117

3-25-24cb. Sample log of test hole in the NW SW sec. 24, T. 3 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,362.7 feet; water level, 23 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, loose, dark gray to black	13	13
		Silt, compact, tan to light gray	6	19
		Sand, fine, and a little gravel, partly cemented, red brown	4	23
		Sand, gravel, and silt, gray	24	47
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt and sand, locally cemented; contains some fragments of chalk	15	62
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Limestone, hard, yellow	8	70

3-25-25bc. Sample log of test hole in. the cen. W. line sec. 25, T. 3 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,362,3 feet; water level, 26 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, loose, black	4	4
		Silt, compact, light gray; contains some fine sand	3	7
		Silt, compact, gray and brown	4	11
		Silt, compact, tan; contains some sand	8	19
		Silt, partly cemented, light gray; contains some sand	5	24
		Silt, compact, tan; contains a few snail shells	4	28
		Silt and sand, loose, gray; contains many snail shells	7	35
		Sand with some gravel, streaked with blue-gray silt near the base	11	46
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt and sand, compact, cemented, white	4	50
		Sand, white; contains some fine gravel and silt	1	51
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Clay, calcareous, compact, white to buff	2	53
		Limestone, hard, yellow	0.1	53.1

3-25-36ac. Sample log of test hole in the SW NE sec. 26, T. 3 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,349.8 feet; water level, 12 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Recent
	Alluvium
		Silt and sand, dark gray	6	6
		Silt, loose, gray, with some fine sand	9	15
		Sand and some gravel, locally silt, tan, gray, and brown	30	45
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Limestone, silicified, yellow and white	0.5	45.5

4-21-29aa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. sec. 29, T. 4 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,188.2 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, loose, dark brown	1	1
		Silt, loose, tan; contains some very fine sand	13	14
	Loveland member
		Silt, compact, brown (Loveland soil)	4	18
		Silt, compact, tan and light gray	2	20
		Sand, fine to very fine, brown	3	23
		Silt and fine sand, light gray	2	25
		Silt, chalky, dark brown; contains some sand	1	26
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, yellow, pink, red, and white	4	30

4-23-22dd. Sample log of test hole at the SE cor. sec. 22, T. 4 S., R. 22 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,360.3 feet; water level, 99 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation
		Silt, tan and buff	3	3
		Silt, gray and dark brown	5	8
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt, white; contains sand, gravel, and caliche; some cemented material	18	26
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse; contains some brown and yellow clay	29	55
		Silt, pink, buff, and gray; contains fine sand and some tan clay	39	94
		Sand; contains some gravel, caliche, and cemented zones	29	123
		Silt, gray; contains sand and zones cemented with calcium carbonate	28	151
		Silt, buff, gray, and tan	19	170
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, soft, chalky, yellow and white	10	180

4-25-1bb. Sample log of test hole in the NW cor. sec. 1, T. 4 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,525.4 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, dark brown	2	2
		Silt, tan; contains some fine sand and many snail shells	16	18
	Loveland member
		Silt, tan to light gray; contains some sand and fine gravel, partly cemented	11	29
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt and fine sand, partly cemented with calcium carbonate, gray	12	41
		Silt and fine sand, cemented, gray green	11	52
		Silt and very fine sand, partly cemented, light gray	31	83
		Silt and clay, compact, blocky, gray green	11	94
		Silt and fine sand, partly cemented, gray	39	133
		Silt, sand, and caliche, yellow buff	28	161
		Silt, sand, and fine gravel, tan to light gray	36	197
		Sand and gravel, yellow to light gray; contains some silt and clay	7	204
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Pierre shale
		Clay, bentonitic, compact, blocky, yellow, buff, and gray	10	214
		Shale, silty, noncalcareous, tough, dark gray to black	8	222

5-21-4bb. Sample log of test hole in the NW NW sec. 4, T. 5 S., R. 21 W., Norton, County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,036.6 feet; water level, 30 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, dark brown	7	7
		Silt, compact, gray	6	13
		Silt, tan to light gray, with some sand; contains soil zone	9	22
		Sand, fine to coarse; contains some gravel	20	42
		Silt, dark gray; contains some sand and a few pebbles of chalk	26	68
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse	5	73
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, gray, soft	7	80

5-21-5ad. Sample log of test hole, in the cen. E. line sec. 5, T. 5 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,012.7 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Recent
	Alluvium
		Silt and sand, brown	3	3
		Sand, fine to coarse, light tan	3	6
		Sand, fine to coarse, light tan; contains some gravel	7.5	13.5
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, soft, dark gray	6.5	20

5-21-8aa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. sec. 8, T. 5 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,045.4 feet; water level, 39 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Sand, fine to very fine	1	1
		Silt, gray tan to brown; contains some sand	12	13
		Silt, dark brown, medium compact (soil zone)	2	15
		Silt, gray tan	2	17
		Silt, gray; contains some sand	21	38
		Silt, gray tan; contains sand and gravel	2	40
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse	13	53
		Silt, gray to black; contains some sand	7	60
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse; contains fragments of chalk	5	65
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, dark gray	5	70

5-21-33cc. Sample log of test, hole in the SW SW sec. 33, T. 5 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,306.3 feet; water level, 101 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation--Peoria member
		Silt, loose, dark gray brown	3	3
		Silt, loose, tan; contains snail shells	10	13
	Loveland member
		Silt, loose, tan	14	27
		Sand, fine to very fine, and tan silt	7	34
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Sand, fine, light tan to gray; contains gravel and silt	17	51
		Sand, well cemented with calcium carbonate	1	52
		Sand and silt, light gray to green gray, and caliche	24	76
		Silt, compact; contains some dull-red sand	21	97
		Sand, fine, and dull-red silt; contains caliche	26	123
		Sand, fine to very fine, and silt and some gray and brown clay	55	178
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, calcareous, gray, fissile; contains a few thin bentonite zones	12	190

5-23-34dd. Sample log of test hole at the SE cor. sec. 34, T. 5 S., R. 23 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,397.3 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation
		Silt, brown	2	2
		Silt, tan; contains snail shells	5	7
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Sand, fine and very fine, silty, white	12	19
		Sand and silt, cemented with calcium carbonate; contains fossil seeds	17	36
		Sand, fine to coarse; contains silt, gravel, and caliche	49	85
		Sand, with some silt; contains zones cemented with calcium carbonate	40	125
		Sand, very fine to coarse, and silt	17	142
		Silt, sand, and caliche; contains cemented zones	17	159
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse	24	183
		Silt, soft, brown and gray	8	191
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Shale, chalky, fissile, brown, yellow, and gray; contains bentonite	9	200

5-24-33bb. Sample log of test hole in NW NW sec. 33, T. 5 S., R. 24 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Water level, 197 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt, sand, and caliche	2	2
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse; contains caliche	2	4
		Limestone, hard, white	5	9
		Sand and gravel; contains zones loosely cemented with calcium carbonate	17	26
		Sand, fine to coarse, silt, and caliche	12	38
		Sand, fine to coarse; contains some gravel; some zones cemented with calcium carbonate	27	65
		Sand, fine to coarse, and silt; contains caliche and cemented zones	58	123
		Sand and gravel, fine to coarse	22	145
		Sand, fine to coarse; contains brown clay	30	175
		Sand, fine to coarse; contains silt and some gravel; cemented in some zones	32	207
		Sand, silt, and caliche, white (at the bottom of this interval the drill encountered a bed too hard to penetrate)	30	237

5-25-1bb. Sample log of test hole in the NW cor. sec. 1, T. 5 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,423.9 feet; water level, 42 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Recent
	Alluvium
		Silt, dark brown and tan	2	2
		Silt; contains nodules of caliche, gravel, and snail shells	11	13
		Silt, sand, and fine gravel, tan to brown	6	19
		Gravel and sand; contains some tan silt	2.5	21.5
		Silt, sand, and gravel, gray tan	4.5	26
		Gravel, sand, and silt, tan	9.5	35.5
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt, sand, and some gravel, gray white to tan; cemented with calcium carbonate	6.5	42
		Silt; contains some fine sand and white caliche	5	47
		Silt, partly cemented, gray green	8.5	55.5
		Sand, light gray; contains some gravel and silt	2	57.5
		Sand, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate, light gray	2.5	60
		Gravel, sand, silt, and caliche, gray	25	85
		Silt, sand, gravel, and caliche, light gray	9	94
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Clay, calcareous, plastic, white to yellow	2.5	96.5
		Limestone, hard, brown yellow	0.3	96.8

5-25-2ad. Sample log of test, hole in the cen. E. line sec. 2, T. 5 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,475.9 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Recent
	Colluvium
		Silt, sand, and fine gravel, brown and gray	2	2
		Silt, sand, gravel, and caliche, tan	5	7
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt, gray; contains some sand and gravel; cemented with calcium carbonate	3	10
		Silt, gray, cemented; contains some gravel	10	20
		Caliche, white	4	24
		Silt, fine sand, and caliche, loose, light gray green	7	31
		Silt, sand, and fine gravel, loose, light gray	23	54
		Gravel, sand, and silt, tan	21	75
		Silt, sand, and gravel, gray and tan	51	126
		Sand; contains some fine gravel	6	132
		Silt, fine sand, and clay, light gray	10	142
		Silt, compact, blocky, tan and gray; contains silty bentonitic clay	7	149
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Clay, calcareous, yellow and white	3	152
		Clay, plastic, brown	2	154
		Shale, calcareous, dark gray	6	160

5-25-14ad. Sample log of test hole in the SE NE sec. 14, T. 5 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,427.0 feet; water level, 61 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation
		Silt (road fill)	4	4
		Silt, compact, dark gray brown	5	9
		Silt, tan; contains some gravel	4	13
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt, calcareous; contains some gravel and sand	20	33
		Silt, sand, and gravel, calcareous, tan	15	48
		Silt, gray; contains some sand and gravel	17	65
		Gravel and coarse sand	11	76
		Silt and sand, tan to yellow	15	91
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Clay, calcareous, yellow and white	2	93
		Limestone, hard, white and brown	0.2	93.2

5-25-26aa. Sample log of test hole in the NE NE sec. 26, T. 5 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,356.6 feet; water level, 18 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Terrace deposits
		Silt, dark brown and gray, with a few pebbles	7	7
		Silt, tan to gray, with some gravel, sand, and nodules of caliche	8	15
		Silt, brown, sand, and gravel; contains snail shells	4	19
		Gravel, sand, silt, and clay balls	11	30
		Gravel and sand; contains pebbles of chalk	13	43
Cretaceous--Gulfian
	Niobrara formation
		Clay, calcareous, yellow white	2	45
		Shale, calcareous, gray	5	50

5-25-35aa. Sample log of test hole in the NE cor. sec. 35, T. 5 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas; drilled in 1946. Surface altitude, 2,507.8 feet.			Thickness, feet	Depth, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation
		Silt, brown	3	3
		Silt, loose, tan; contains a small amount of gravel and many snail shells	22	25
		Silt, plastic, light gray; contains a small amount of gravel	13	38
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		Silt and fine sand, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate (Algal limestone? at top)	38	76
		Sand, compact	29	105
		Gravel and sand, yellow, with some silt and clay	10	115
		Gravel, sand, and silt, partly cemented, gray	40	155
		Silt and sand, tan and gray	7	162
		Sand, with some gravel	6	168
		Sand and gravel, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate	0.3	168.3
		Sand, yellow, with small amount of gravel, caliche, and clay (at the bottom of this interval the drill encountered a bed too hard to penetrate)	17.7	186

Measured Stratigraphic Sections

1-19-31. Section measured along valley and tributary gullies, NW SW sec. 31, T. 1 S., R. 19 W., Phillips County, Kansas. (Measured by M. K. Elias and John C. Frye)				Thickness, feet
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation--Ash Hollow member
		11.	Sand and silt, cemented with calcium carbonate	1.5
		10.	Clay, silt, and fine sand, partly cemented, light gray green; contains nodules and stringers of calcium carbonate	12.0
		9.	Sand, loosely cemented with calcium carbonate, gray; contains fossil seeds of Biorbia fossilia (Berry)	3.0
		8.	Clay, silt, fine sand, and calcium carbonate, gray	2.0
		7.	Sand, medium to fine, cemented in upper part, greenish gray; contains fragments of fossil vertebrates	4.0
		6.	Sand, coarse to fine, and some silt; massive to irregular bedding; weathers to irregular, pitted surface; greenish gray; the following fossil seeds occur in this interval and upper part of bed 5: Krynitzkia coroniformis Elias, Biorbia minor Elias, Prolithospermum corrugatus Elias, Panicum elegans mut. nebraskanse Elias, Stipidium intermedian Elias, Stipidium cf. grande Elias	6.0
		5.	Sand, coarse to fine, and some silt; massive to irregularly bedded; cemented more firmly toward top	4.0
		4.	Partly covered. Silt, clay, and fine sand, tan to greenish gray	15.0
		3.	Partly covered. Sand, fine to medium, loose, pink tan; contains concretions and nodules of calcium carbonate	12.9
		2.	Sand and silt, massive to irregularly bedded, loosely and unevenly cemented with calcium carbonate, pale pinkish tan to gray	14.8
		1.	Clay, silt, and sand with some calcium carbonate, gray to green gray. From bottom of creek	1.8
Total				77.0

1-21-29. Section measured along cut bank on east side of creek in the SW SW sec. 29, T. 1 S., R. 21 W., Norton County, Kansas. (Measured by Stafford C. Happ and John C. Frye)				Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation
		13.	Silt and fine sand, vertical jointed, light brown to gray (Bignell silt member)	1.8
		12.	Soil (Brady). sandy silt, blocky, dark brown to brown	1.0
		11.	Silt, blocky to vertically jointed, tan to light brown (Peoria silt member)	4.0
		10.	Soil (Loveland). Silt and some sand, blocky, compact, brown	1.0
		9.	Silt, sandy, massive to indistinctly bedded, pale greenish tan to light buff, darker upward (Loveland silt member)	5.5
		8.	Sand and gravel; contains pebbles of Ogallala "mortar-bed" type, interbedded with reddish-brown sand and silt. Sand and gravel commonly at base (Crete?)	3.0
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		7.	Rubble of sand with fragments of calcium carbonate-cemented sand and silt and concretionary masses of lime rock. Probably weathering residue at top of Ogallala representing unconformable surface	0.5
		6.	Sand, with some silt and calcium carbonate, irregularly bedded to platy	1.0
		5.	Clay, blocky, green to pale greenish gray	3.5
		4.	Sand, fine, and silt; irregularly laminated, gray to pale greenish-gray	2.0
		3.	Clay, silty, blocky, greenish gray streaked with brown	1.0
		2.	Sand, fine, sandy clayey silt, and silt, irregularly interbedded, gray to pale greenish gray	2.0
		1.	Silt, sandy, clayey, calcareous, compact, irregularly bedded, light greenish gray. A "mortar bed" at top	3.5
Total measured				29.8

1-24-16. Section measured along cut bank of creek in the NE SW sec. 16, T. 1 S., R. 24 W., Norton County, Kansas. (Measured by Stafford C. Happ and John C. Frye)				Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation
		7.	Silt, massive, yellow tan; contains fossil snails (Peoria silt member)	14.0
		6.	Soil (Loveland), brown to reddish brown, compact, sandy silt with a few pebbles	3.0
		5.	Silt, massive, indistinct vertical jointing, tan to pink buff; contains some sand and a few pebbles (Loveland silt member). Gradational with unit below	6.0
		4.	Sand and silt, with lenses of gravel, stratified, tan; zone of cross-bedded sand and gravel at base; some pebbles of Ogallala "mortar bed" material as large as 6 inches in diameter; snails in upper part	13.0
		3.	Partly covered. Gray to buff sandy silt	4.0
		2.	Sand, bedded, loose, brown	3.0
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation
		1.	Sand and silt with some gravel, compact, partly cemented with calcium carbonate, tan to green gray	5.0
Total				48.0

2-25-36. Section measured along creek bank in the NW NE sec. 36, T. 2 S., R. 25 W., Norton County, Kansas.				Thickness, feet
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation (Ash Hollow member)
		6.	Sand andfine gravel, cemented, thin lenses of loose sand and silt in lower part. Fossil seeds of Biorbia fossilia (Berry) from lower 0.3 foot	3.5
		5.	Sand, compact but uncemented, blocky, irregularly bedded, greenish tan; contains some silt	5.0
		4.	Volcanic ash, compact, impure in lower part, gray	3.0
		3.	Sand with some silt, massive to thick-bedded, compact but not cemented, pale greenish gray	6.2
		2.	Sand and silt, tightly cemented with calcium carbonate	2.0
		1.	Covered from bottom of creek channel	6.0
Total				25.7

3-23-8. Section measured in abandoned sand pit and along road ditch in the NW sec. 8, T. 3 S., R. 23 W., Norton County, Kansas.				Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation
		6.	Silt, massive to blocky, yellow tan, partly covered. Contains fossil snails in several zones	28.0
		5.	Clay, silt, and sand, thin-bedded, blocky in upper part, brown	3.0
		4.	Silt and fine sand, blocky, tan	1.5
		3.	Sand, fine, silt, and clay, thin-bedded to laminated, light tan	9.0
		2.	Sand and gravel, cross-bedded, generally well sorted	5.5
		1.	Silt and clay, partly covered, gray; contains fossil snails	1.0
Total				48.0

4-23-27. Section measured in road cut and creek bank in the SE sec. 27, T. 4 S., R. 23 W., Norton County, Kansas. (Measured by Claude W. Hibbard and John C. Frye, corrected from Hibbard, Frye, and Leonard, 1944)				Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation
		7.	Silt, massive, gray to light tan (Peoria silt member). Fossil snails 2 to 8 feet above base: Vallonia gracilicosta (Müller), Succinea grosvenori Lea, Pupilla muscorum (Linnaeus), Pupilla blandi Morse, and Euconulus fulvus (Müller)	32.0
		6.	Soil (Loveland). Sandy silt, massive to blocky; contains caliche nodules and is dark gray to gray browm	3.0
		5.	Sand and silt, lenticular, locally medium to coarse, well sorted, tan (Loveland silt member?)	10.8
		4.	Sand and gravel; contains igneous pebbles and abraded pebbles of Ogallala "mortar bed." Locally even-bedded fine to coarse sand. Thickness changes laterally above unconformity at top of Ogallala. (Crete?)	8.8
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation--Ash Hollow member
		3.	Volcanic ash, thin-bedded, coarse-textured, bluish gray	0.6
		2.	Clay, silt, and sand, greenish gray	0.6
		1.	Sand and silt with a few pebbles, loosely cemented with calcium carbonate; weathers to gray and ash gray	6.2
Total				62.0

4-24-2. Section measured along creek bank and road cut in the NE, sec. 2, T. 4 S., R. 24 W., Norton County, Kansas.				Thickness, feet
Quaternary--Pleistocene
	Sanborn formation
		11.	Silt, massive to blocky, light tanto yellow tan; contains some fine sand in thin lenses. Fossil snails abundant in middle part	45.0
		10.	Silt and very finesand with a small amount of medium to coarse sand, blocky, light brown	7.0
		9.	Sand with some gravel grading upward into sandy silt, calcareous, gray-buff. (Section offset along road cut)	2.0
Thickness of exposed Sanborn				54.0
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation--Ash Hollow member
		8.	Partly covered. Sand and silt with some clay, pale greenish gray. A cemented zone occurs at top or middle of interval	10.0
		7.	Volcanic ash, thin-bedded and massive in lower part to irregularly bedded and massive in upper part. Passes laterally into interbedded volcanic ash and sand, partly cemented with calcium carbonate	4.0
		6.	Sand, pale greenish gray; contains a few bone fragments and lime nodules. Celtis willistoni abundant near top	1.5
		5.	Clay, silt, and sand, blocky, calcareous, gray	1.6
		4.	Sand and silt, massive, pale green; contains bone fragments and angular cemented fragments	0.8
		3.	Clay, silt, and sand, calcareous, irregularly bedded to massive, pale greenish gray to gray	2.2
		2.	Sand,loosely cemented with calcium carbonate at base, grading upward into well cemented bed that produces bench, greenish gray. Fossil seeds of Biorbia fossilia (Berry) abundant in upper 1 foot	4.0
		1.	Sand with some silt and clay, irregularly cemented with calcium carbonate and a well-cemented zone at top, greenish gray to pale green. Fossil seeds of Biorbia fossilia (Berry) 2 feet below top of interval	6.5
Thickness of exposed Ogallala formation				30.6
Total thickness measured				84.6

5-24-33. Section measured along creek valley in sec. 33, T. 5 S., R. 24 W., Norton County, Kansas. (Measured by Ada Swineford, John C. Frye, and A. R. Leonard).				Thickness, feet
Tertiary--Pliocene
	Ogallala formation-Kimbal member
		10.	Limestone, cherty, dense, light gray; contains some silt, sand, and gravel	2.0
		9.	Covered	5.0
		8.	Sand, silt, and gravel, loosely cemented with calcium carbonate, gray to pale buff	3.0
	Ash Hollow member
		7.	Covered slope (note log of adjacent test hole)	96.0
		6.	Silt, sand, and gravel, irregularly cemented with calcium carbonate, gray to pinkish buff. Weathers to irregular nodular surface	6.0
		5.	Silt and sand, loosely cemented with calcium carbonate, massive to platy	8.0
		4.	Sand and silt, with some gravel, well cemented with calcium carbonate, light gray to pale pink, weathers to irregular nodular surface; contains Biorbia fossilia (Berry)	3.0
		3.	Silt, sandy, irregularly cemented with calcium carbonate, greenish gray to gray with spots of brick red, massive. Contains concretions of calcium carbonate and Biorbia fossilia (Berry)	6.0
		2.	Sand and silt, irregularly cemented with calcium carbonate, forms bench along valley side; contains Biorbia fossilia (Berry)	6.0
		1.	Sand and silt, loose, partly covered, forms slope to valley floor	18.0
Total			153.0

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Kansas Geological Survey, Geology
Placed on web July 18, 2008; originally published Dec. 1949.
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