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Contents
Purpose and scope of the investigation
Location and size of the area
Previous geologic and hydrologic work
Methods of investigation
Acknowledgements
Relief
Drainage
Climate
Population
Transportation
Agriculture
Natural resources and industries
Summary of stratigraphy
Geologic history and geomorphology
Paleozoic era
Mesozoic era
Cenozoic era
Tertiary period
Early Tertiary erosion
Late Tertiary deposition
Quaternary period
Development of sink holes
Meade lake
Recent deposition
Physiographic divisions
General features of ground water
Source
Principles of occurrence
The water table and movement of ground water
Shape and slope
Relation to topography
Fluctuations of the water table
Fluctuations caused by precipitation
Fluctuations caused by pumping
Recharge
Recharge from local precipitation
Recharge from streams
Discharge
Natural discharge at the surface
Discharge from wells
History of artesian water development in the Meade artesian basin
Principles of occurrence
Areas of artesian flow
Meade district
State Park district
Berghaus district
Big Springs Ranch district
Fowler district
Eastern district
The piezometric surface and movement of artesian water
Head of artesian water
Original head
Head in 1923
Head in 1939
Decline in head
Fluctuations in head
Fluctuations caused by precipitation
Fluctuations caused by changes in barometric pressure
Fluctuations caused by pumping
Discharge of artesian water
Natural discharge at the surface
Springs
Seepage into streams
Transpiration and evaporation
Discharge from artesian wells
Flowing wells
Nonflowing wells
Relation of spring flow to well discharge
Underground leakage
Summary of discharge
Recharge to the artesian basin
Shallow ground water in the artesian basin
Occurrence
The water table
Recharge
Recharge from local precipitation
Recharge from flowing and irrigation wells
Recharge by leakage through confining beds
Discharge
Discharge by transpiration and evaporation
Discharge from wells
Seepage into streams
Principles of recovery
Wells
Dug wells
Bored wells
Drilled wells
Methods of construction
Wells in consolidated rocks
Wells in unconsolidated deposits
Methods of lift and type of pump
Springs
Domestic and stock supplies
Public supplies
Irrigation supplies
Upland areas
Artesian basin
Possibilities of developing additional irrigation supplies
Upland areas
Artesian basin
Chemical constituents in relation to use
Total dissolved solids
Hardness
Iron
Fluoride
Water for irrigation
Sanitary considerations
Relation to stratigraphy and structure
Permian redbeds
Ogallala formation
Meade formation
Kingsdown silt and alluvium
Physical properties of water-bearing materials
Permian system
General features
Water supply
Cretaceous system
General features
Water supply
Tertiary system
Laverne formation
Character
Distribution, thickness, and surface form
Age and correlation
Water supply
Ogallala formation
Character and subdivisions
Rexroad member
Caliche
Distribution, thickness, and surface form
Age and correlation
Water supply
Quaternary system
Meade formation
Character and subdivisions
Distribution, thickness, and surface form
Age and correlation
Water supply
Kingsdown silt
Character
Distribution, thickness, and surface form
Age and correlation
Water supply
Terrace deposits
Alluvium
Dune sand
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Kansas Geological Survey, Geologic History of Kansas
Comments to webadmin@kgs.ku.edu
Web version February 2004. Original publication date Dec. 1942.
URL=http://www.kgs.ku.edu/General/Geology/Meade/01_contents.html